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. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .
(1715-1783)
. WKD : tsuki 月 the MOON in all seasons .
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by Yamaguchi Hitomi 山口瞳
月天心貧しき町を通りけり
tsuki tenshin mazushiki machi o toorikeri
- quote - Robin D. Gill
the full moon
overhead, i pass through
a poor town.
The "Japanese Poetry" section of the Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics (1965/74) translated the same like this:
The moon passes
In splendor through its central heavens
And I through wretched streets.
I admire the guts of the translator who elaborated the middle line to develop the contrast of splendor and wretchedness he found and has the moon as well as the poet in motion, but I think the Japanese annotators of Buson's Zenshû (complete anthology) are correct to write:
The moon in the middle of the sky is clear. It is late at night and all the houses in this poor part of town are quiet and only his own footsteps can be heard. Tilted roofs, low eaves and on all of it shines the moonlight creating an eerily beautiful chiaroscuro. Who would have guessed how refreshingly clean a poor town purified by moon-light feels!
(my trans.)
In other words, the Princeton Encyclopedia commentator's contrast of moon in beautiful heaven and poet in wretched town is apparently not shared by the Japanese specialists, who have Buson finding beauty below, too. I cannot help wondering whether Chiyo and Buson both react against Sei Shonagon's disgust for wasting moonlight on the poor. It is hard to say. That is a question worth bouncing off Buson and Chiyo scholars (something I have not done yet) who have read broadly in the contemporary literature. My above translation with the comma in the second line is horrible.
A couple more tries:
The full moon
i pass through poor-town
directly below
The original speaks of the moon in mid-heaven, which is to say high in the sky and large so it seems to be hanging there. Here, I hope locating the poet directly below works in reverse. Regardless, the emotive power of the ~keri is lost.
Simply sublime:
Passing through poor-town
in the moonlight.
The second translation depends upon a proper feeling for the word "sublime," which tends to be conflated with "subtle" today, whereas it was once most commonly applied to the Niagara Falls or the Alps and should transmit a quality today called "awesome."
With moon in heaven
i crossed poor-town:
beautiful!
Fall is here and, in haiku, that means the moon. But the moon of the Edo era poets is not our moon. I dare say we cannot find poems expressing the reverence for the moon found in Issa's
"Captain, / Peeing is Forbidden: / The Moon rides the waves!"*
(this ku plays on conventional lists of things forbidden to do) or
"Facing Westward / I cannot even pee - / A full moon
(this ku plays on older poems and Buddhist stories where saints try not to fart toward the West because it is the Pureland Paradise. Also Issa's Zenkôji was, I would guess, to the West of his town.). We can imagine people misbehaving from the effects of too much moonshine, but can we imagine our sins dissolving in the moonlight as another of Issa's ku puts it?
We no longer distrust the moon as a night power and may even enjoy it, but how many people in the Occident have spread out mats on the ground and watched the moon for hours? The idea of blossom-viewing is not hard for us to appreciate, but moon-viewing?
source : www.simplyhaiku.com - 2005
source : www.rakanneko.jp
. WKD : aki no tsuki 秋の月 - MOON in autumn .
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. gekkoo nishi ni watareba kaei higashi ni ayumu kana .
(autumn)
. hitori kite hitori o tou ya aki no kure .
(autumn)
hitori kite hitori o tou ya fuyu no tsuki - - one person comes to visit. winter moon
. ichigyoo no kari ya hayama ni tsuki o in su .
(autumn)
. ichi wa kite neru tori wa nani ume no tsuki .
(spring)
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. WKD : kangetsu 寒月（かんげつ）"moon in the cold" .
kigo for late winter
- - - including
kangetsu ya kaisandoo no ki no ma yori
kangetsu ya kareki no naka no take sankan
kangetsu ya koishi no sawaru kutsu no soko
kangetsu ya matsu no ochiba no ishi o iru
kangetsu ya mon o tatakeba kutsu no oto
kangetsu ya nokogiri-iwa no akara sama
kangetsu ya shuuto no gungi no sugite nochi
kangetsu ya zoo ni yuki-au hashi no ue
. kangetsu ni ki o waru tera no otoko kana .
- - - kangetsu ya mon naki tera no ten takashi
- - - kangetsu ya tani ni cha o kumu mine no tera
- Buson visiting temples -
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. kawataro no koi suru yado ya natsu no tsuki .
(summer)
. meigetsu ya usagi no wataru Suwa no umi .
(autumn)
. mijikayo ya asase ni nokoru tsuki hitohira .
(summer)
. nanohana ya tsuki wa higashi ni hi wa nishi ni .
(spring)
. nashi no hana tsuki ni fumi yomu onna ari .
(spring)
. nochi no tsuki shigi tatsu ato no mizu no naka .
(autumn)
. oborozuki kawazu ni nigoru mizu ya sora .
(spring)
. tsuki no ku o haite herasan hiki no hara .
. ura machi ni negi uru koe ya yoi no tsuki .
(autumn)
. yoki hito o yadosu ko-ie ya oborozuki .
(spring)
. yomizu toru satobito no koe ya natsu no tsuki .
(summer)
a different kind of moon implication
mijikayo - a short night
yuugao - moon flower
under construction
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名月や夜は人住まぬ峰の茶屋
meigetsu ya yo wa hito sumanu mine no chaya
花火せよ淀の御茶屋の夕月夜
hanabi seyo yodono o-chaya no yuuzuki yo
. chaya, -jaya 茶屋 tea shop, tea stall .
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- Read the translations at TEREBESS -
ami o more tsuna o moretsutsu mizu no tsuki
aoginaku shika no namida ya tsuki no tsuyu
banya aru mura wa fuketari kyo no tsuki
cha no hana no tsukiyo mo shirazu fuyugomori
doomori no kogusa nagametsu natsu no tsuki
furugasa no basa to tsuki yo no shigure kana
futarine no kaya moru tsuki no seuto tachi
hatsuyuki no soko o tatakeba take no tsuki
hina matsuru miyako hazure ya momo no tsuki
hiroinokosu tanishi mo tsuki no yuube kana
ishi to naru kusu no kozue ya fuyu no tsuki
izayoi no kumo fuki sarinu aki no kaze
kaeru kari tagoto no tsuki no kumoru yo ni
kakekakete tsuki mo nakunaru yosamu kana
kawahori no futameki tobu ya ume no tsuki
kayari shite yadori ureshi ya kusa no tsuki
kazagumo no yosugara tsuki no chidori kana
kiku no ka ya tsuki sumi shimo no keburu yo ni
kinoo hana asu o momiji ya kyoo no tsuki
kitsunebi no moetsuku bakari kareobana (moonless night)
kutabirete mono kau yado ya oborozuki
kyarakusaki hito no karine ya oborozuki
mata uso o tsukiyo ni kama no shigure kana
matsushima no tsuki miru hito ya utsusegai
meigetsu ni enokoro sutsuru shimobe kana
meigetsu ni inu-koro suteru shimobe kana
meigetsu ya aruji o toeba imo kutsu ni
meigetsu ya Shinsen'en no uo odoru
mizu karete ike no hizumi ya nochi no tsuki
mume no ka no tachinoborite ya tsuki no kasa
nagaki yo ya tsuya no renga no kobore tsuki
nakanaka ni hitori areba zo tsuki o tomo
negurushiki fuse yo o dereba natsu no tsuki
nusubito no kashira uta yomu kyoo no tsuki
oboroyo ya hito tatazuneru nashi no sono
oborozuki taiga o noboru mifune kana
oborozuki kawazu ni nigoru mizu ya sora
oni oite kawara no in no tsuki ni naku
onna gushite dairi ogaman oborozuki
sakura chiru nawashiro mizu ya hoshizuki yo
sashinuki o ashide nugu yoya oborozuki
sazanka no kono ma misekeri nochi no tsuki
sentoo n uoya irishi yo fuyu no tsuki - public bath
shigonin ni tsuki ochikakaru odori kana
shika naku ya yoi no ame gyou no tsuki
shimo hyakuri shuchu ni ware tsuki o ryoosu
shirakumo no sutedokoro ari tani no tsuki
shiraume no kareki ni modoru tsukiyo kana
shizuka naru kashi no kihara ya fuyu no tsuki
suisen ni kitsune asobu ya yoizukiyo
suzuki tsurite ushirometasa yo nami no tsuki
takegari ya koobe o agureba mine no tsuki
tamakura ni mi on aisu nari oborozuki
tsuki koyoi aruji no okina mai ideyo
tsuki koyoi matsu ni kaetaru yadori kana
tsuki koyoi mekura tsukiatari waraikeri
tsuki mireba namida ni kudaku chiji no tama
tsukimibune kiseru o otosu asase kana
tsuki ni kikite kawazu nagamuru tanomo kana
tsuki ni tooku oboyuru fuji no iroka kana
tsuki no ku o haite herasan gama no hara *
tsuki yukino osame ya fude no kakedokoro
ugo no tsuki taso ya yoburi no sune shiroki
yamamori no tsukiyo no mori no shimo yo shika no koe
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. tsuki tenshin - discussion on facebook .
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. WKD : Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 - Introduction .
. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .
. ABC - List of Buson's works and cultural keywords .
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