1/01/2017

- BACKUP Shitamachi Pilgrimage

BACKUP  March 1, 2017

the original is here
https://omamorifromjapan.blogspot.jp/2017/02/tokyo-shitamachi-pilgrimage.html














Tokyo Shitamachi Pilgrimage

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. Pilgrimages in Edo - Tokyo - Introduction .
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東京下町八社巡り Pilgrimage to 8 Shrines in Shitamachi

This pilgrimage has started in 1981.
There is a deity in each Shinto Shrine for a special purpose and wish.




- quote -
Shitamachi Tokyo old town
Shitamachi literally means "downtown" and is the place to experience a taste of the old town Tokyo atmosphere that existed before the economic miracle of the 1970's and 80's really took hold. The most famous district of Shitamachi is Asakusa. At its heart you find Senso-ji Temple, best known for the giant red lantern situated at the entrance. This is a great place to start any exploration of Tokyo.
- source : insidejapantours.com/experience-japan -




The pilgrimage is also called
Shitamachi Hachi Fukujin 下町八福神 Eight Shinto Deities of Good Luck in Shitamachi Shrines


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amulets for all purposes at the Tori no Ichi Market.

. 酉の市 Tori no Ichi Markets in Edo .


shoobai hanjoo 商売繁盛 Good business

Ootori Jinja 鷲神社 Otori Jinja
台東区千束3-18-7 -- 3 Chome-18-7 Senzoku, Taitō ward

----- Deities in residence :
天日鷲命 Amenohiwashi no Mikoto, Ame no Hiwashi
日本武尊 Yamato Takeru no Mikoto




kakkome かっこめ Kakkome rake
kakkome is a pun with un o kakikomu 運をかき込む, to rake in good fortune
It contains the rake for farmers, a written amulet and an ear of rice, with the wish for a good harvest in the coming year. It is also good for business and a happy family.

- reference : hachifukujin829/ootori1 -


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縁結び Finding a partner

. 今戸神社 Imado Jinja .
台東区今戸1-5-22 -- 1 Chome-5-22 Imado, Taitō ward

----- Deities in residence :
伊弉諾尊 Izanagi no Mikoto // 伊弉冉尊 Izanami no Mikoto
應神天皇 Oojin Tenno


Famous for the story of the manekineko 招き猫 "Beckoning Cat"



- reference : hachifukujin829/imado1 -

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健康長寿 Long and healthy life

第六天榊神社 Dairokuten Sakaki Jinja
台東区蔵前1-4-3 -- 1 Chome-4-3 Kuramae, Taitō wear

----- Deities in residence :
天神第六代坐榊皇大御神
Amatsukami Mutsu no Miyo ni ataritamau Sakaki no Sume Oomikami
面足尊 Omodaru no Mikoto
惶根尊 Kashikone no Mikoto


- reference : hachifukujin829/sakaki1 -



The temple used to be called 第六天神宮 Dairokuten Jingu, and was renamed in 1873 to 榊神社 Sakaki Jinja.

. Dairokuten Ma-O 第六天魔王 .


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円満和合 Happy couple

下谷神社 Shitaya Jinja
台東区東上野3-29-8 -- 3 Chome-29-8 Higashiueno, Taitō ward

----- Deities in residence :
大年神 Ootoshi no Kami
日本武尊 Yamato Takeru no Mikoto



- reference : hachifukujin829/sitaya1 -

The Deity of Fertility in enshrined here. The Shrine was founded in 730 in Ueno park, and moved to another place in 1672. The final location to Higashi Ueno was done in 1703. The main event is the Grand Annual Festival, Reitaisai.



- further reference -

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学問芸能 Learning and progress in the arts

. Onoterusaki jinja 小野照崎神社 .
台東区下谷2-13-14 -- 2 Chome-13-14 Shitaya, Taitō ward

----- Deities in residence :
小野篁命 Ono no Takamura
菅原道真命 Sugawara Michizane




- reference : hachifukujin829/onoteru1 -

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安産子授け Getting pregnant and easy birth

. Suitengu 水天宮 Shrine for the Water God .
中央区日本橋蛎殻町2-4-1 -- 2 Chome-4-1 Nihonbashi Kakigarachō, Chūō ward

----- Deities in residence :
天御中主大神 Ame no Minakanushi no Ookami
安徳天皇 Antoku Tenno and his mother, 建礼門院 Kenreimon-In
二位ノ尼 Nii no Ama - Taira no Tokiko (1126 - 1185)




- reference : hachifukujin829/suitengu1 -

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強運厄除け Avoiding disaster

小網神社 Koami Jinja
中央区日本橋小網町16-23 -- 16-23 Nihonbashi Koamichō, Chūō ward

----- Deities in residence :
倉稲魂命 Ukanomitama no Mikoto (Uganomitama) / 稲荷大神 Inari Ookami
市杵島姫命 Ichikishima Hime no Mikoto / 辨財天 Benzaiten




- reference : hachifukujin829/koami1 -

- quote -
- History -
A long time ago, the monk 恵心僧都 源信 Eshin Sozu Genshin Eshin Sōzu Genshin lived here in a hermitage, worshipping the Buddhist goddesses Kannon and Benzaiten. It is not known, when exactly the hermitage was built, but it is assumed that the monk lived here about 1000 years ago.
As a plague spread here in 1466, an old net-weaver came here and brought rice-ears that entangled in one of his nets as offering and decided to stay for a few days. Then, one night, Eshin Sōzu appeared to the abbot of temple in a dream and told him, that this old man in fact was the god Inari and that the plague could be taken away if they worshipped him adequately.
The next day, the old man was gone. However, the abbot remembered the advice and prayed to the god – which he now called Koami Inari Daimyōjin (Inari of the small net) – day and night. After a little while the plague was gone and the people could live in peace again. The overlord the region, Ōta no Dōkan, also heard of this miracle and donated a part of his fiefdom to shrine. At the end of the 16th Century then, the area around the shrine was also named Koami and the shrine itself was beginning to be worshipped as a tutelary god.
In the Meiji-period (1868-1912) the state pursued a separation of Shinto and Buddhism, which both had moulded into a syncretic belief during the prior one-thousand years, and so the Koami Inari Shrine was officially registered as a shinto village shrine. The building as we can see it today was built in the 1920ies under the direction of Naitō Komasaburō, who also assisted the building of the Meiji-Shrine. Spared from the destruction of World War II, the shrine nowadays is the only wooden building made out of cypress wood in Nihonbashi. The wooden carvings of two dragons (one ascending, the other one descending) on the porch roof of the main hall symbolize luck and the shrine – now simply called Koami Shrine – stays an important cultural heritage, as which it is registered in the Chūō-district.
- The goddess of luck -
Having been spared from destruction and continuously being linked to health and safety the goddess of the shrine is seen as a god of luck. For instance, all the sons of the families who lived in the shrine, returned home safely from World War II. The shrine also survived the numerous bombings of Tokyo in 1945 and did not – like so many others did unfortunately – burn down completely. However, the building was destroyed once during the Great Kantō Earthquake in 1923, although the abbot of the shrine was able to secure most parts of the sanctuary by bringing them to Shin-ohashi. It is also said, that those people who sought shelter there, have survived the aftermath of the earthquake.
Today a memorial stone reminds us of this episode with an inscription saying:
„Praying to the sanctuary of the Koami Shrine, we seek the goddesses’ protection!“
- The History of the goddess Benzaiten -
At First the goddess Benzaiten was honoured in the Manpukuji temple. Then, as the Meiji-government sought to separate Buddhism from Shintoism and installed the latter as a state religion, the Buddhist temple was destroyed and the goddess Benzaiten was transferred to this shrine in 1869. The image here shows the goddess Benzaiten sitting in a boat.
Every year on October 28th a festivity is celebrated in honour of the goddess, where the sacrificial offerings, which are piled up in front of the altar, later on are raffled to the visitors.
Besides that, there is also a small well (named Zeni-arai-no-i), whose water is said to have the power to multiply the money that is washed with its water.
- Important annual festivities and rituals -
- Doburoku Festival -
- Mimizuku-Charms -



- Pilgrimages -
Every year there are pilgrimages to the eight surrounding shrines in Tokyo-Shitamachi and
the temples and shrines of the seven gods of luck in Nihonbashi from January 1th to 7th.
In our shrine we worship the gods Fukurokuju and Benzaiten, which are said to ward of the evil and shape our fate positively. On this occasion we sell popular images of the gods of luck, as well as charms in the form of miniature ships.
- source and photos : koamijinja.or.jp/international -

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交通安全 Traffic safety

住吉神社 Sumiyoshi Jinja
中央区佃1-1-14 -- 1 Chome-1-14 Tsukuda, Chūō ward

----- Deities in residence :
底筒之男命 Sokozutsu no O no Mikoto
中筒之男命 Nakazutsu no O no Mikoto
表筒之男命 Uwazutsu no O no Mikoto
息長足姫命 Okinagatarashi Hime no Mikoto .
徳川家康 Tokugawa Ieyasu


- reference : hachifukujin829/sumiyosi1 -



. Sumiyoshi Shrines of Japan 住吉神社 .
Sumiyoshi Sanjin 住吉三神 Three Deities of Sumiyoshi


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At the end of the pilgrimage, you get a board with eight stamps.





- HP of the Pilgrimage
下町八社会公式ホームページ
- reference source : geocities.jp/hachifukujin829 -


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. Shichifukujin 七福神 Seven Gods of Good Luck .
- venerated in Buddhist Temples
Benten 弁天
Bishamonten 毘沙門天
Daikoku 大黒
Ebisu 恵比寿
Fukurokujuu 福禄寿
Hotei 布袋
Juroojin 寿老人


隅田川七福神 Sumidagawa / 亀戸七福神 Kameido / 柴又七福神 Shibamata and many more


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. - - - - - . kami 神 Shinto deities - LIST . - - - - - .

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. Join the MINGEI group on facebook ! .  



. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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- - - #tokyoshitamachipilgrimage #tokyoshitamachi #shitamachipilgrims #shishifukujin - - - - -
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- BACKUP Gofunai Edo

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. Kobo Daishi Reijo 弘法大師霊場 Kobo Daishi Henro Pilgrimages in Japan .
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original is here
https://gokurakuparadies.blogspot.jp/2016/12/gofunai-henro-temples-tokyo.html

#gofunai #edogofunai





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Gofunai 御府内八十八ヶ所霊場 88 Henro Temples in Edo
Go-Funai 88kasho - Visiting 88 Temples in the Lord's City
江戸八十八ケ所霊場めぐり Junrei - Pilgrimage in central Tokyo
- Introduction -





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- - - - - Table of contents - - - - -

Henro 阿波(徳島)発心の道場 -- hosshin awakening - Tokushima Awa 23 temples

01 高野山東京別院 Koyasan Tokyo Betsu-In (港区高輪3-15-18) - see below -

. 02 東福寺 Tofuku-Ji / 03 多聞院 Tamon-In .
(中野区江古田3-9-15 - Nakano, Egota) // (世田谷区北烏山4-12-1 - Setagaya, Kitakarasuyama)
. 04 高福院 Kofuku-In / 05 延命院 Enmei-In .
(品川区上大崎2-13-3 - Shinagawa, Kamiosaki) // (港区南麻布3-10-15 - Minato, Minamiazabu)
. 06 不動院 Fudo-In / 07 室泉寺 Shitsusen-Ji .
(港区六本木3-15-4 - Minato, Roppongi) // (渋谷区東3-8-16 - Shibuya, Higashi)
. 08 長遠寺 Choon-Ji / 09 龍巖寺 / 龍岩寺 Ryugan-Ji .
(大田区南馬込5-2-10)- Ota, Minamimagome // (渋谷区神宮前2-3-8 - Shibuya, Jingumae)
. 10 聖輪寺 Shorin-Ji / 11 荘厳寺 Shogon-Ji .
(渋谷区千駄ヶ谷1-13)- Shibuya, Sendagaya // (渋谷区本町2-44-3)- Shibuya, Honmachi
. 12 宝仙寺 Hosen-Ji / 13 龍生院 Ryusho-In .
(中野区中央2-33-3)- Chuo, Nakano // (港区三田2-12-5)- Minato, Mita
. 14 福蔵院 Fukuzo-In / 15 南蔵院 Nanzo-In .
(中野区白鷺1-31-5)Shirasagi, Nakano // (練馬区中村1-15-1) - Nakamura, Nerima)
. 16 三宝寺 Sanpo-Ji / 17 長命寺 Chomei-Ji .
(練馬区石神井台1-15)Shakujiidai, Nerima // (練馬区高野台3-10-3) Takanodai, Nerima
. 18 愛染院 Aizen-In / 19 青蓮寺 Shoren-Ji .
(新宿区若葉2-8-3)Wakaba, Shinjuku // (板橋区成増4-36-2)Narimasu, Itabashi
. 20 鏡照院 Kyosho-In / 21 東福院 Tofuku-In .
(港区西新橋3-14-3)Nishi Shinbashi, Minato // (新宿区若葉2-2)Wakaba, Shinjuku
. 22 南蔵院 Nanzo-In / 23 薬研堀不動院 Yagenbori Fudo-In .
(新宿区箪笥町42)Tansumachi, Shinjuku // (中央区東日本橋2-6-8)Higashinihonbashi, Chuo


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Henro 土佐(高知)修行の道場 -- shugyo austerities - Kochi Tosa 16 temples

. 24 最勝寺 Saisho-Ji / 25 長楽寺 Choraku-Ji .
(新宿区上落合3-4-12) Kamiochiai, Shinjuku // (日野市程久保8-49-18) Hodokubo, Hin Town
. 26 来福寺 Raifuku-Ji / 27 正光院 Shoko-In .
(品川区東大井3-13-1)Higashiōi, Shinagawa // (港区元麻布3-2-20)Motoazabu, Minato
. 28 霊雲寺 Reiun-Ji / 29 南蔵院 Nanzo-In .
(文京区湯島2-21-6)Yushima, Bunkyo // (豊島区高田1-19-16)Takada, Toshima
. 30 放生寺 Hojo-Ji / 31 多聞院 Tamon-In .
(新宿区西早稲田2-1-14)Nishi Waseda, Shinjuku // (新宿区弁天町100) Bentencho, Shinjuku
. 32 円満寺 Enman-Ji / 33 真性寺 / 眞性寺 Shinsho-Ji .
(文京区湯島1-6-2)Yushima, Bunkyo // (豊島区巣鴨3-21-2) Sugamo, Toshima
. 34 三念寺 Sannen-Ji / 35 根生院 Konsho-In .
(文京区本郷2-15-6)Hongo, Bunkyo // (豊島区高田1-34-6)Takada, Toshima
. 36 薬王院 Yakuo-In / 37 萬徳院 Mantoku-In .
新宿区下落合4-8-2)Shimoochiai, Shinjuku // (江東区永代2-37-22)Eitai, Koto
. 38 金乗院 Konjo-In / 39 真成院 Shinjo-In .
(豊島区高田2-12-3)Takada, Toshima // (新宿区若葉2-7-8)Wakaba, Shinjuku

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大江戸めぐり 御府内八十八ヶ所 Walking in Old Edo
和田信子

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Henro 伊予(愛媛)菩提の道場 -- bodai enlightenment - Ehime Iyo 26 temples

. 40 普門院 Fumon-In / 41 密蔵院 Mitsuzo-In .
(江東区亀戸3-43-3)Kameido, Koto // (中野区沼袋2-33-4)Numabukuro, Nakano
. 42 観音寺 Kannon-Ji / 43 成就院 Joju-In - 百観音成就院 Hyakkannon .
(台東区谷中5-8-28)Yanaka, Taito //(台東区元浅草4-8-12)Motoasakusa, Taito
. 44 顕性寺 Kensho-Ji / 45 観蔵院 Kanzo-In .
(新宿区須賀町13-5)Sugacho, Shinjuku // (台東区元浅草3-18-5)Motoasakusa, Taito
. 46 弥勒寺 Miroku-Ji / 47 城官寺 Jokan-Jii .
(墨田区立川1-4-13)Tatejawa, Sumida // (北区上中里1-42-8)Kaminakazato, Kita
. 48 禅定院 Zenjo-In / 49 多宝院 / 多寶院 Taho-In .
(中野区沼袋2-28-2)Numabukuro, Nakano // 台東区谷中6-2-35)Yanaka, Taito
. 50 大徳院 Daitoku-In / 51 延命院 nimei-In .
(墨田区両国2-7-13)Ryogoku, Sumida // (台東区元浅草4-5-2)Motoasakusa, Taitō
. 52 観音寺 Kannon-Ji / 53 自性院 Jisho-In .
(新宿区西早稲田1-7-1)Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku //(台東区谷中6-2-8)Yanaka, Taito
. 54 新長谷寺 Shin Hasedera / 55 長久院 Chokyu-In .
(豊島区高田2-12-3)Takada, Toshima // (台東区谷中6-2-16)Yanaka, Taito
. 56 与楽寺 Yoraku-Ji / 57 明王院 Myoo-In .
(北区田端1-25-1)Tabata, Kita // (台東区谷中5-4-2)Yanaka, Taito
. 58 光徳院 Kotoku-In / 59 無量寺 Muryo-Ji .
(中野区上高田5-18-3) Kamitakada, Nakano // (北区西ヶ原1-34-8)Nishigahara, Kita
. 60 吉祥院 Kissho-In / 61 正福院 Shofuku-In .
(台東区元浅草2-1-14)Motoasakusa, Taito // (台東区元浅草4-7-21)Motoasakusa, Taito
. 62 威光院 Iko-In / 63 観智院 Kanchi-In .
(台東区寿2-6-8)Kotobuki, Taito //(台東区谷中5-2-4)Yanaka, Taito
. 64 加納院 Kano-In / 65 大聖院 Daisho-In .
(台東区谷中5-8-5)Yanaka, Taido // (港区三田4-1-27)Mita, Minato

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Henro 讃岐(香川)涅槃の道場 -- nehan entering Nirwana - Kagawa Sanuki 23 temples




. 66 東覚寺 Togaku-Ji / 67 真福寺 Shinpuku-Ji .
(北区田端2-7-3)Tabata, Kita // (港区愛宕1-3-8)Atago, Minato
. 68 永代寺 Eitai-Ji / 69 宝生院 Hosho-In .
(江東区富岡1-15-1)Tomioka, Koto // (港区三田4-1-29)Mita, Minato
. 70 禅定院 Zenjo-In / 71 梅照院 Baisho-In Arai Yakushi .
(練馬区石神井町5-19-10) Shakuji-I, Nerima // (中野区新井5-3-5) Arai, Nakano
. 72 寿 不動院 Kotobuki Fudo-In / 73 東覚寺 / 東覺寺 Togaku-Ji - 亀戸不動 Kameido Fudo .
(台東区寿2-5-2)Kotobuki, Taito // (江東区亀戸4-24-1)Kameido, Koto
. 74 法乗院 Hojo-In / 75 威徳寺 Itoku-Ji .
(江東区深川2-16-3)Fukagawa, Koto (Fukagawa Enma) // 港区赤坂4-1-10)Akasaka, Minato (Akasaka Fudo)
. 76 金剛院 Kongo-In / 77 仏乗院 Butsujo-In .
(豊島区長崎1-9-2)Nagasaki, Toshima // (神奈川県秦野市蓑毛957-13)Kanagawa prefecture, Hadano, Minoge
. 78 成就院 Joju-In / 79 専教院 Senkyo-In .
(台東区東上野3-32-15)Higashi-Ueno, Taito // (文京区小日向3-6-10)Kohinata, Bunkyo (Kobinata)
. 80 長延寺 Choen-Ji / 81 光蔵院 Kozo-In .
(港区三田4-1-31)Mita, Minato // (港区赤坂7-6-68)Akasaka, Minato
. 82 龍福院 Ryufuku-In / 83 蓮乗院 Renjo-In .
(台東区元浅草3-17-2)Motoasakusa, Taito // (新宿区若葉2-8-6)Wakaba, Shinjuku
. 84 明王院 Myo-O-In / 85 観音寺 Kannon-Ji .
(港区三田4-3-9)Mita, Minato // (新宿区高田馬場3-37-26)Takadanobaba, Shinjuku
. 86 常泉院 Jozen-In / 87 護国寺 Gokoku-Ji .
(文京区春日1-9-3)Kasuga, Bunkyo //(文京区大塚5-40-1)Otsuka, Bunkyo
Otowa Gokokuji 音羽護国寺 Otowa Gokoku-Ji

. 88 文殊院(杉並区和泉4-18-17))Monju-In (Suginami, Izumi) .

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https://gokurakuparadies.blogspot.jp/2016/12/gofunai-henro-temples-tokyo.html
.

- reference edojidai campus info

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
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- reference - Edo Jidai campus Info

- reference source : www.edojidai.info... -



江戸時代の人口は何人くらいいたのでしょうか?
江戸時代の服装にはどのような特徴があったのか
拷問で自白させるのが当たり前だった江戸時代の取り調べ
武家言葉とべらんめえ調で話された江戸時代の会話
江戸時代の通貨は金貨・銀貨・銅銭の3種類でした
世界一識字率の高かったと言われる江戸時代の日本人
江戸時代に虫歯になったらどんな治療をしたのでしょうか?
江戸時代にはどのような食事をしていたのでしょうか
誰でもなれて資格試験もなかった江戸時代のお医者さん
江戸時代の主な年号とさまざまな出来事 **

夏と冬で時間の長さが違った江戸時代~鐘の音で時を知った
現代人よりも10cm以上低い江戸時代の人の平均身長
江戸時代の火事とほとんど破壊行為だった消火方法
江戸時代の髪型にはどのような特徴があったのでしょうか
平均寿命は30才から40才だったと言われる江戸時代の人々
世界トップレベルの数学だったと言われる江戸時代の和算
江戸時代のお風呂は混浴だったって本当!?
江戸時代の代表的な文化と特徴についての豆知識
現代と江戸時代の物価がどれくらい違うか比較してみました
究極のリサイクル社会だった江戸時代

庶民の社交場的なサロンだった江戸時代のお風呂
糞尿は農家に売るのが当たり前だった~江戸時代のトイレ事情
「士農工商」の身分制度序列は本当はウソだった?
江戸時代の名前に関するうんちく~庶民にも苗字があった?
江戸時代の人はどうやって英語を学んだのでしょうか?
現代とくらべるとかなり厳しかった江戸時代の刑罰と法制度
江戸時代の人はどのように避妊していたのでしょうか?
座ったまま縄につかまって出産をした江戸時代の女性たち
江戸時代の女性は生理のときどのように処理していたのか?
とても質素でつつましいものだった江戸時代の庶民の生活

江戸時代の主役である侍たちのちょっと面白い生き様
時代劇は本当の江戸時代を表現していたのか?
徳川歴代将軍の意外なエピソード
江戸時代の嘘のような本当の話あれこれ
意外に知らない江戸時代の真実の暮らし
江戸のちょっと面白うんちく話

- reference source : www.edojidai.info... -

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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12/10/2016

The Edo Clan

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. Persons and People of Edo - Personen .
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The Edo Clan of the Musashi Taira 武蔵江戸氏 Musashi Edo-Shi

They lived in the hamlet 江戸郷 Edo Go, their Homeland in the Musashi Plain. It was located in the
日比谷の入江 Hibiya no Irie inlet.
Edo 江戸 means "estuary", lit. "inlet door", "entrance to the inlet".
eto 江門 was another old spelling of this area.

Other clans who lived in the Edo area before Tokugawa Ieyasu established the Bakufu government:



畠山氏 Hatakeyama clan in 深谷 Fukaya
河越氏 Kawagoe clan in 川越 Kawagoe
豊島氏 Toyoshima clan in 川口 Kawaguchi


. Hibiya 日比谷 / 比々谷 district in Edo .

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- quote
The Edo clan were a minor offshoot of the Taira clan,
and first fortified the settlement known as Edo, which would later become Tokyo. The Imperial Palace now stands at this location.
During the Azuchi-Momoyama period, the clan was renamed the 武蔵喜多見氏 Musashi Kitami clan.
The clan originated in Chichibu in Musashi Province (now Saitama Prefecture). In the late 12th century,
江戸重継 Edo Shigetsugu (Chichibu Shigetsugu) moved south and fortified the little hill at Edo, located where the Sumida River enters Tokyo Bay. This area later became the Honmaru and Ninomaru portions of Edo Castle. There, the Edo grew in military strength under the second patriarch, Edo Shigenaga 江戸重長.

In August 1180, Shigenaga attacked Muira Yoshizumi, an ally of the rival Minamoto clan. Three months later, he switched sides just as Minamoto Yoritomo entered Musashi. Shigenaga assisted the Minamoto in overthrowing the Taira in Kyoto. In return, Yoritomo granted Shigenaga seven new estates in Musashi Province, including Kitami in what is now Tokyo's western Setagaya Ward.

Records show that in 1457, Edo Shigeyasu surrendered his main base at Edo to Ota Dokan. Dokan was a vassal of the powerful Ōgigayatsu branch of the Uesugi clan under Uesugi Sadamasa. Sadamasa was the Kanto-Kanrei for the Ashikaga. Dokan built Edo castle on the site. The Edo clan then moved to Kitami.

In 1593, in a pledge of obedience to Tokugawa Ieyasu, Edo Katsutada changed the clan name to Kitami. Katsutada was employed by the first and second Tokugawa shoguns, reaching the position of Magistrate of Sakai, south of Osaka. Katsutada's grandson-in-law, Shigemasa, found favor with the fifth shogun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi. He rose from the position of hatamoto, with a stipend of one thousand koku, to sobayonin, or "Grand Chamberlain", with a stipend of twenty thousand. It was an influential post, responsible for relaying messages between the shogun and his senior councilors. He was also awarded a large domain in 1686. However, the clan's fortunes suddenly plummeted. In 1689, Shigemasa's nephew violated the Shogunate taboo on bloodshed. Shigemasa had to forfeit his status and property and was banished to Ise, where he died in 1693 at age 36. The 500-year-old Edo clan essentially ceased as a recognized clan.
Tombstones of several generations of the clan are at 慶元寺 Keigen-Ji, a Buddhist temple founded in 1186 by Edo Shigenaga, in Kitami.
The name later changed to 常陸江戸氏 Hitachi Edo-Shi.
- source : wikipedia



江戸重長 Edo Taro Shigenaga  
was the second head of the Edo clan. He first settled and lent his name to the fishing village Edo that eventually grew to become Tokyo.
He was also known as Edo Taroo 江戸太郎 Edo Taro.
In 1180, Shigenaga was asked by Minamoto Yoritomo to cooperate in his uprising against rule of the Taira in Kyoto. Hesitant at first, Shigenaga eventually helped Yoritomo overthrow the Taira rule. Yoritomo granted Shigenaga seven new estates in Musashi Province, including Kitami in what is now Tokyo's western Setagaya Ward.

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source : 4travel.jp/travelogue/10825822

Graves of the Musashi Kitami Clan - 江戸氏之墓所
慶元寺 Keigen-Ji - see below

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- quote -
The ones who got there first
Four centuries before Tokugawa Ieyasu arrived at Edo, a fierce band of mounted warriors had already fortified the hill where Ieyasu would build his magnificent Edo Castle, and on which the Imperial Palace now stands.

In the late 12th century, the Edo clan, as these warriors called themselves, had moved south from Chichibu in present-day Saitama Prefecture led by their patriarch, Edo Shigetsugu. Seizing Edo, they rapidly built up their military presence in the southern Kanto Plain to such a point that, in 1180, Shigenaga, the second clan head, was asked by Minamoto Yoritomo (1147-99) to cooperate in his uprising against the great Taira family in Kyoto.

Shigenaga was not easily persuaded, but eventually lent his power to Yoritomo in overthrowing Taira rule. In appreciation, Yoritomo granted Shigenaga seven new estates in Musashi Province, including Kitami in what is now Tokyo’s western Setagaya Ward.

Little is known about the Edo clan in the turbulent Kamakura Period that began with Yoritomo’s founding of a shogunate in that city in 1192; nor do we know of their fate during the Kyoto-based shogunate known as the Muromachi Period, that ran from 1338-1573. However, records show that in 1457, Edo Shigeyasu surrendered his main base at Edo to Ota Dokan (1432-86), a vassal of Uesugi Sadamasa, Governor of the Kanto Plain, and moved to Kitami. Dokan then built a castle on the site with views of Mount Fuji and Edo Bay, before being killed by an assassin sent by his own master in 1486. The castle was then abandoned until it was taken over by Ieyasu in 1590.

In a pledge of obedience to Ieyasu, Edo Katsutada changed the clan name to Kitami in 1593. Katsutada was employed by the first and second shoguns, reaching the position of Magistrate of Sakai, south of Osaka.

His grandson-in-law, Shigemasa, bathed in the special favor of the fifth shogun and rose to the rank of daimyo by 1682. Promoted to a sobayonin (grand chamberlain), whose influential role was to relay messages between the shogun and his senior councilors, he was awarded a further large domain in 1686.

From this zenith of happiness, however, Shigemasa’s fortunes plummeted — and with them, those of the Edo clan. In 1689, Shigemasa’s nephew violated the shogunal taboo on bloodshed and the family was held collectively responsible. As punishment, Shigemasa forfeited his status and all property and was banished to Ise, where he died in 1693 at age 36. His kin was similarly punished, and with that the 500-year-old Edo clan vanished.

To this day, however, memories of the first possessor of Edo linger on at Keigen-ji in Kitami, Setagaya Ward, an impressive Buddhist temple founded in 1186 by Edo Shigenaga. Tombstones of several generations of the clan, some quite eroded but others recently renovated, huddle together in a corner of the graveyard, tied eternally by their invisible bond of kinship.
- source : Japan Times 2003 - Sumiko Enbutsu -

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Keigenji 慶元寺 Keigen-Ji
永劫山 花林院 慶元寺 Eigosan Karin-In Keigen-Ji

世田谷区喜多見4-17-1 / 4 Chome-17-1 Kitami, Setagaya ward
浄土宗 Jodo Sect.

Apart from the main temple hall, it has a 鐘楼 bell tower and a 三重堂 three-story pagoda.


source and more photos : tesshow.jp/setagaya

The main statue is 阿弥陀如来 Amida Nyorai.
Edo Taro Shigenaga founded this temple, then called 岩戸山大沢院東福寺 Tofuku-Ji in 1186, which then belonged to the 天台宗 Tendai sect.
In 1451 it was relocated to 成城(元喜多見) Seijo (Moto Kitami) and found its final place in 1468.
In 1540, the priest 空誉上人 / 空与(空與)/ 空与守欣上人 Kuyo Shonin revitalized the temple, which had lost its importance. The name changed 上山華林院慶元寺 and now it belonges to the Jodo Sect.
In 1636, Shogun Iemitsu awarded the temple with land of 10石 (about 1ha(10000㎡), annexing 6 temples in the neighborhood.

Number 4 in the pilgrimage to 33 Kannon temples along the Tamagawa 多摩川三十三ヶ所観音霊場.




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Kitami eki 喜多見駅 Kitami station
on the Odakyu Railway Line, on the border between Setagaya Ward and Komae City.
The name of the area,
Kitami
, (also written 北見)
is thought to originate from an ancient Ainu word meaning "flat, wooded place".
- quote wikipedia -



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- Some further History -
... The Kantō Plain appears to have first been populated in the Late Jōmon Period sometime after 3100 BC. ...
... Kofun Period (200-500 AD) : It seems that around the 300’s, Kantō became a vassal state of the Yamato Court. There are more than 200 Kofun in the Tōkyō Metropolis.
丸山古墳 Maruyama Kofun “Round Mountain” Kofun is in 芝公園 Shiba Kōen park ...


... “A feudal warlord named Ōta Dōkan came into the small fishing village of Edo and built his castle there.”...
... “Though it was once an insignificant village in the marshy wetlands,
Tokugawa Ieyasu transformed Edo into a glorious capital befitting of the shōgun.”...
... The Edo clan still had a residence in Kitami, which is present day Setagawa Ward. In light of Tokugawa Ieyasu’s dominance over the area, it would be presumptuous (and confusing) for a clan to retain the name of the capital city when a new daimyō, appointed by the unifier of Japan, controlled that city. So in 1593, taking an oath of submission and fealty to Tokugawa Ieyasu, the last Edo Clan daimyō gave up the name Edo and assumed the name, Kitami, which was where their primary holdings were. ...
... In 1693, the direct family line, no longer Edo but Kitami, was extinguished after the banishment of Kitami Shigeyasu to Ise when his grandson murdered somebody or something.
... At the height of Tokugawa power, the castle is said to have been the biggest in the world and the city was likely the most populous.
- More details and history about the name of EDO -
- source : japanthis.com/2013 -

. Oota Dookan 太田道灌 Ota Dokan (1432 - 1486) .

. kofun 古墳 burial mounds in Tokyo .


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- - - - - Now we come to September 3rd, 1868 :
慶応4年7月17日(西暦では1868年9月3日)
Edo o shooshite Tōkyō to nasu shoosho 江戸を称して東京と為すの詔書
江戸ヲ称シテ東京ト為スノ詔書


Imperial Edict Renaming Edo to Tōkyō.

私は、今政治に自ら裁決を下すこととなり、全ての民をいたわっている。
江戸は東国で第一の大都市であり、四方から人や物が集まる場所である。当然、私自らその政治をみるべきである。よって、以後江戸を東京と称することとする。これは、私が国の東西を同一視するためである。
国民はこの私の意向を心に留めて行動しなさい。

"I at this time settle all matters of state myself in the interest of the people.
Edo is the largest city in the eastern provinces, a place in which things gather from every direction. It were well that
I should personally oversee its governance. Therefore from this time on I shall call it“Tokyo”(Eastern Capital).
This is so that I might oversee all affairs in the land equally, from east to west.
Let the people heed this my will."

- reference source : wikipedia -

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- reference : Edo Shigenaga -
- reference : Kitami Edo Tokyo -

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .


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11/18/2016

Gakumonjo Academies

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
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gakumonjo 学問所 Academies of Higher Learning
hankoo 藩黌 / 藩校 -- hangaku 藩学 - Hanko, domain schools, fief schools


. Hayashi Razan 林羅山 (1583 – 1657) .
Introducing Neo-Confucianism in the Edo period

He founded the
. Yushima Seidoo, Yushima Seidō 湯島聖堂 Yushima Seido Bakufu School .

During the Edo period, many domains founded their own places of learning,
some of them later turned to Universities or High Schools.

The main subjects were kangaku 漢学 Chinese and Confucian Studies, kokugaku 国学 National Learning, and eventually yoogaku /yôgaku 洋学 Western Learning (rangaku 蘭学 "Dutch Learning").

儒学の祖 学問の神 The Confucian God of Learning




- - - - - - - - - - List of the most important schools - - - - - - - - - -

Gakushukan 学習館 Kishu
Jishukan 時習館 Kumamoto
Kodokan 弘道館 Mito
Kodokan 弘道館 Saga
Kojokan 興譲館 Yonezawa
Meirindo 明倫堂 Kanazawa
Meirindo 明倫堂 Owari

. Meirinkan 萩明倫館 Hagi .
Nisshinkan 日進館 Aizu
. Shizutani Gakko 閑谷学校 Okayama .
Shoheizaka Gakumonjo 昌平坂学問所 Edo
. Tooju shoin 藤樹書院 Toju Private School - Shiga .
founded by Nakae Tōju 中江藤樹 Nakae Toju (1608 – 1648)
Yokendo 養賢堂 Sendai
Zoshikan 造士館 Satsuma


- quote -
Samurai of the respective fiefs were required to attend these schools and toward the end of the Edo period
an increasing number of commoners were granted admittance.
A graded system for curricula developed and subjects relating to Western learning were added.
- more about the Japanese education system
- source : edux.pjwstk.edu.pl/mat -


- - - - - The oldest academic institution in Japan is the
. Ashikaga Gakkō 足利学校 Ashikaga Gakko - Tochigi .
founded ca. 832 by Ono no Takamura 小野篁.

Apart from the Samurai schools, there were institutions for the common people:
. terakoya 寺子屋  "temple school", private school .

. rangaku 蘭學 / 蘭学 "Dutch learning", Western learning .

. bunbu ryoodoo 文武両道 Bunbu Ryodo. .
"The Dual Path of Cultural and Martial Arts,"
A real samurai had to be well educated, but also strong in the martial arts.
budookan 武道館 Budokan Hall to practise martial arts (Budo, the Way of the Bushi Samurai)

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- - - - - ABC-List - - - - -

Gakuushukan 学習館 Gakushukan
Founded in 1635 in the Kishu Domain, Wakayama.



During the reign of Shogun Yoshimune (who came from Wakayama), even common people were allowed to attend and the school had about 180 students.
In 1792, its head master was Motoori Norinaga.
In 1804, it was moved to Matsusaka town and renamed 松坂学問所 Matsusaka Gakumonjo.
In 1866, it war renamed 学習館文武場 Gakushukan Bunbujo and had about 600 students.
There are no remains of the buildings any more.

. Motoori Norinaga 本居宣長 (1730 - 1801) .
prominent Kokugakusha. Born in Matsusaka.

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Jishuukan, Jishūkan 時習館 Jishukan
"study and at times learn"
Kumamoto 熊本
active between 1755 and 1870.
Founded by Hosokawa Shigekata 細川重賢 (1721 - 1785)
The first president was 秋山玉山 Akiyama Gyokuzan (1702 - 1764).
Famous students were Yokoi Shonan, Inoue Kowashi and Kitasato Shibasaburo.

- Other Jishūkan schools were built in
Mikawa Yoshida Han, Tahara Han, Kasama Han, Daiseiji Han and Sakurai Han.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Koodookan 弘道館 Kodokan - 水戸 Mito 



- quote -
The Kōdōkan (弘道館) was the largest han school in the Edo period. Located in Mito, Ibaraki Prefecture,
founded in 1841 by Tokugawa Nariaki,
- source : wikipedia -

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Koodookan 弘道館 Kodokan -  佐賀 Saga

Founded in 1781 by Lord 鍋島治茂 Nabeshima Harushige (1745 - 1805).
The first head master was the Confucian scholar 古賀精里 Koga Seiri (1750 - 1817).
Harushige also invited 石井鶴山 Ishii Kakuzan (1744 - 1790) from Kagoshima and famous scholars from other domains.

Lord 鍋島直正 Nabeshima Naomasa (1815 - 1871) improved the facility to educate future leaders of the Saga domain, introducing new technologies, especially new weapons from the West.
He also founded the 蒙養舎, where young Samurai children below the age of 15 were educated.



A memorial stone reminds of the school.

The third of the famous Kodokan schools was in 但馬 Tajima.


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Koojookan 興譲館 Kojokan



Founded by Lord 上杉治憲 Uesugi Yozan in 米沢 Yonezawa, now Yamagata prefecture. He resurrected the Gakumonjo of his father, 上杉綱憲 Uesugi Tsunanori (1663 - 1704).
The teachers were Confucian scholars.
In 1775, 吉江輔長 became head master.

It is now the site of 山形県立米沢興譲館高等学校 the famous Yonezawa High Schoo.
- reference : Yonezawa Kojokan High School -

. Uesugi Yoozan Harunori 上杉鷹山 治憲 Uesugi Yozan (1751 - 1822) .
... he is best remembered for his financial reforms, and he is often cited as an example of a good governor of a domain.

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Meirindoo 明倫堂 Meirindo - 金沢 Kanazawa
加賀金沢藩 Kaga Kanazawa Han Domain



Built in 1792 by Lord 前田治脩 Maeda Harunaga (1754 - 1810).
The first head master was the Confucian scholar 新井白蛾 Arai Hakuga (1715 - 1792).
The first building was in the South-West of park 兼六園 Kenraku-En, but in 1822 it was relocated to the district 仙石町 Sengokumachi.
It had a long corridor between the Southern and Northern buildings and also the hall 経武館 Keibukan a hall for martial arts.
It had about 300 students of all social positions and various ranks of teachers.
Special subjects were astronomy and herbal medicine.

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Meirindoo Meirindo 明倫堂 Meirindo - 尾張 Owari
名古屋 Nagoya, 愛知県 Aichi



Founded in 1749 and reformed in 1782 by Lord 徳川宗睦 Tokugawa Munechika (1733 - 1800).
The first head master was 細井平洲 Hosoi Heishu (1728 - 1801), followed by 岡田新川 Okada Shinsen (1737 - 1799)、石川香山 Ishikawa Kozan (1736 - 1810)、冢田大峯 Tsukada Taiho (1745 - 1832)、細野要斎 Hosono Yosai (1811 - 1878) and other Confucian scholars.
The school was open not only for Samurai children, but all who wanted to study.
In 1871 the school was abolished. Later in 1875 its remains were brought to the Nagoya castle.
Now it is the site of 愛知県立明和高等学校 the Aichi school.

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Meirindo 明倫堂 in the following domains:

久米村 Kumemura, Okinawa (1718)
小諸藩 Komoro、上田藩 Ueda、高鍋藩 Takanabe、新庄藩 Shinjo、大洲藩 Ozu and 安志藩 Anji.

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Nisshinkan 日進館 Aizu Wakamatsu
Aizu hankoo. Aizu hankō 会津藩校 Old Aizu clan school




The Samurai school of the Aizu domain was built in 1803 by 松平容頌 Matsudaira Katanobu (1744 - 1805), the fifth Lord of the Aizu Matsudaira Clan. Samurai boys from the age of 10 years had to attend it. Katanobu also introduced other reforms in the Aizu domain, making agriculture, commerce and industry the main pillars.
At that time there were about 300 domain schools in Japan and Nisshinkan had a very good reputation. Many members of the Byakko-tai studied at Nisshinkan.
Medicine, astronomy, literary and military arts were taught based on the principles of Confucianism. Otherfacilities for the students included an observatory, a printing office, a large library and a swimming pool. The students were also taught Samurai etiquette, from table manners to ritual suicide (harakiri).
The present-day Nisshinkan is reconstructed.
- reference : aizu nisshinkan-


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Shooheizaka Gakumonjo 昌平坂学問所 Shoheizaka Gakumonjo
Shooheikoo 昌平黌 Shoheiko




- quote -
(1)Education within Samurai Families
The samurai families of the Edo period not only used education to stabilize their own position but also came to further the cause of learning, especially through the systematized teaching of literary studies. Initially, the fief lords (daimyo), in order to further their own personal cultivation and, in turn, to maintain control of their fief governments, summoned Confucian scholars and military specialists (heigakusha) to conduct lectures which their chief vassals were required to attend. The fief lords also encouraged learning for the lesser vassals and urged the cultivation of literary accomplishments along with the practice of martial arts. Learning during this period, being based upon Shogunal policy, was thoroughly imbued with Confucian thought. Samurai families originally availed themselves of the services of priests in Buddhist temples for their education. But by the Edo period, this class began to employ Confucian scholars to act as preceptors in fief schools they founded in the castle towns. During the early days of the Edo period, only a few fiefs had established fief schools but from about the middle of this period onward the spread of such institutions increased rapidly, culminating in a total of some 270 schools at the end of the period.

The Shoheizaka Gakumonjo, alternately called the Shoheiko, under the direct control of the Shogunate at Edo, became the highest seat of learning in its time as well as a model for all the other fief schools, The original institution was the training center of the Confucian temple (koshibyo) which had been established on a site at Ueno in Edo by a Confucian scholar of the Chu Hsi school, Hayashi Razan (1583-1657), under the auspices of the Shogunal government. Later this was relocated at Yushima, where an Athenaeum was constructed known as the Yushima Temple. This school started first as a semiprivate, semigovernmental organization under the protection of the Shogunate. It was not long, however before the government recognized the necessity of direct control over these educational facilities and in 1797 the school was brought under the immediate supervision of the central authorities.

The school prospered from that time not only as the nucleus of education for the Shogunate but as the highest center of learning in the nation as well, a position it maintained until the decline of the Shogunate's authority and the development of Western learning. During the Edo period, this school acted as a model for other fief schools. Many fief governments established their fief schools along this model and also sent their brightest youths there for training. Many of those who completed their studies at the Shoheizaka Gakumonjo were engaged at fief schools as Confucian scholars. Thus besides enjoying the highest scholastic reputation in the land, the Shoheizaka Gakumonjo also served as a training ground for instructors assuming positions in fief schools. In addition to the Chinese-oriented Shoheizaka Gakumonjo, other government institutions included the National Learning-oriented Wagaku Kodanjo and the Igakukan which was devoted to the study of traditional Chinese medicine. Toward the end of Edo period, various centers for the study of Western learning were also established as we shall see below.

Many schools which originally had been private institutions for Chinese studies (kangakujuku) came under the control of the fiefs and were enlarged and reorganized to form fief schools. Their curriculum was gradually expanded - in addition to Chinese studies National Learning and other subjects were introduced and toward the end of the Edo period Western learning and medicine were also offered. At the same time, the trend toward military subjects grew more pronounced, and thus in the fief schools there arose a special relationship between literary studies and martial arts.

By the close of the Shogunate the fief schools provided a comprehensive education for the samurai class. Instruction was centered about Chinese classics. This meant studies in Confucian doctrine and the history and literature of China. Elementary classes used the Primer of Chinese Characters (Senjimon) for practicing calligraphy and the Brief History of Japan (Sanjikyo) for practice in reading. Other elementary textbooks that were frequently used included the Book of Filial Piety (Kokyo), the Book of Manners (Shogaku), and the Collection of Chu Hsi's Sayings.
Others were the Four Books (Shisho):
1) Great Learning (Daigaku), 2) Doctrine of the Mean (Chuyo), 3) Confucian Analects (Rongo), and 4) Sayings of Mencius (Moshi);
and the Five Canons (Gokyo):
1) Book of Changes (Ekikyo); 2) Book of Odes (Shikyo); 3) Book of Annals (Shokyo), 4) Spring and Autumn (Shunju), and 5) Record of Rites (Raiki).

Hayashi Nobuatsu (1644-1732), a grand son of Hayashi Razan and also a Confucian scholar of the Chu Hsi school, was appointed by the government as Rector of the Shoheizaka Gakumonjo (Daigakunokami) and from that time on the successive heads of the Hayashi family were appointed to that post until the fall of the Shogunate, making the Shoheizaka Gakumonjo a vehicle for the ascendance of Chu Hsi Confucianism. At the same time various other schools of Confucian thought developed during the early Edo period and quite a few government officials were members of schools other than Chu Hsi. However in 1790 the teaching of other schools of Confucianism was banned, and Chu Hsi was officially accepted as the orthodoxy. .....
- source : Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology -

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Yookendoo, Yōkendō 養賢堂 Yokendo
also called - 明倫館 Meirinkan
Sendai-han 仙台藩 Sendai Domain



It started with a school built by Lord 伊達吉村 Date Yoshimura (1680 - 1752) in 1736 in the compound of the 武沢家屋敷 Takezawa family.

In 1772 the school was named Yokendo.
In 1799 養賢堂文庫 Yokendo Bunko (Yokendo Library) was established.
Since 1821 Rangaku "Dutch Learning" was taught by
Sasaku Chutaku (1790 - 1846), student of Otsuki Gentaku
Ozeki Sanei (1787 - 1839) and others.

Since 1760 medicine was taught ant in 1822 the
Igakkan 医学館 Sendai Fief Medical School was established as a separate building in 百騎丁 (now 東二番丁).
In 1871 this institurion was abolished.


- quote -
Otsuki Gentaku 大槻玄沢 (1757 - 1827)
His 1799 Ransetsu benwaku (蘭説弁惑, "Clarifying Errors in Theories about the Dutch") was perhaps the first major Japanese work to assert that Africans were "no different from the rest of mankind," and that they were not, on the whole, as a group, less intelligent or otherwise of inherently lower birth, but rather that Africans, like anyone else, included "the noble and the lowly, ... the wise and the foolish."
This text was also among those which challenged the prevailing notion that dark skin came from extended contact with the water (and that blacks were particularly adept at swimming), suggesting instead that their dark skin derived from their hot, southerly climate, and from lengthy exposure to the sun.
Along with Shimura Hiroyuki,
Ôtsuki produced in 1807 a set of interviews called Kankai ibun, which recorded the experiences of a group of Japanese castaways who had seen the Atlantic, the Straits of Magellan, and Hawaii.
- source : wiki.samurai-archives.com/index -

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Zooshikan, Zôshikan 造士館 Zoshikan
from 1773 - 1877


source : d.hatena.ne.jp/supernil

- quote -
The Zôshikan was a domain school established in Kagoshima by
島津重豪 Shimazu Shigehide in 1773.
The school covered some 3,350 tsubo, and included lecture halls, a small shrine called the Senseiden, and lodgings for samurai students who came from outside of the city. Tachibana Nankei, a scholar from Kyoto who visited Kagoshima in 1782-1783, wrote that it was large and beautiful, the best in the realm (i.e. in all of Japan).

As a result of succession disputes within the Shimazu clan in 1808-1809 (eventually ending in Shimazu Narinobu abdicating in favor of Shimazu Narioki), the curriculum of the school departed from its earlier purposes of training men for service. Shimazu Nariakira later lamented this change, and took steps to revive the quality of education at the school.

In 1869, the school was renamed Hongakkô (lit. "Main School"), and came to simply accept all students who completed elementary school. Studies were divided chiefly into Chinese Studies (kangaku), National Learning (kokugaku), and Western Learning (yôgaku). The school was completely destroyed in the Satsuma Rebellion of 1877.
- source : samurai-archives.com -


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- reference -
List of the Hanko domain schools from North to South
江戸学問所 Edo gakumonjo
内容や規模は多様だが、藩士の子弟は皆強制的に入学させられた。
各地の藩校
江戸幕府 Edo Bakufu Schools
昌平坂学問所(1797年)→ 東京大学 - Shoheizaka Gakumonjo
教諭所(江戸麹町)(1791年)- Kyogujo
教諭所(美作国久世)(1791年)→典学館(1796年)- Kyogujo
敬業館(備中国笠岡)(1797年)- Keigyokan
遷善館(武蔵国久喜)(1803年)- Senzenkan
倉敷教諭所明倫館(備中国倉敷)(1834年)- Meirinkan
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. terakoya 寺子屋  "temple school", private school .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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